Gonadotropins are a group of hormones that play a critical role in the regulation of the reproductive system. These hormones, produced by the pituitary gland, include follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). FSH is responsible for stimulating the growth of ovarian follicles in females and the production of sperm in males. LH triggers ovulation in females and stimulates the production of testosterone in males. Gonadotropins are essential for sexual development and fertility, and synthetic forms of these hormones are often used in fertility treatments to stimulate the ovaries or testes.